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814 Naval Air Squadron
814 Naval Air Squadron is a squadron of the Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm. It was formed in December 1938 and has been disbanded and reformed several times. Its nickname is "the Flying Tigers", not to be confused with the American Volunteer squadron of WWII.
== History ==
The squadron was formed on December 1938 as a Torpedo plane Squadron equipped with six Fairey Swordfish aircraft.〔(814 Squadron's official history )〕 Originally embarked on HMS ''Ark Royal'', it transferred to HMS ''Hermes'' at the outbreak of the Second World War. HMS ''Hermes'' helped search for the ''Graf Spee'' and taking part in the Battle of Dakar, damaging the French battleship ''Richelieu'' on 8 July 1940.〔(Fleet Air Arm Archive – 814 Squadron Profile )〕 HMS ''Hermes'' travelled to the Indian Ocean December 1940, providing support for the land forces in British Somaliland and capturing 5 enemy merchant ships. In May 1941 the squadron provided support to the Royal Air Force in Iraq and later providing convoy protection in the Indian ocean. In April 1942, while the squadron was ashore, HMS ''Hermes'' was sunk by Japanese aircraft off Ceylon and 814 subsequently disbanded at Katukurunda in December.〔 The squadron was reformed in July 1944, equipped with Fairey Barracudas, to embark on and headed to the Far East for patrols, although seeing no action.
In post-war years, the squadron was equipped with the Fairey Firefly, Grumman Avenger and Fairey Gannet aircraft for anti-submarine warfare onboard , receiving the Boyd Trophy for its high standard of operational efficiency in 1951.〔 In 1960 the Squadron was equipped with its first helicopter, the Westland Whirlwind HAS.7, later replaced with the Westland Wessex HAS.1. The Wessex HAS.3 was introduced in 1967, giving the squadron its first radar-equipped helicopter. During this time, the squadron was embarked on and HMS Hermes to patrol east of the Suez. It was disbanded in July 1970.〔
814 Squadron was reformed in March 1973 with four Westland Sea King HAS.1 helicopters at RNAS Prestwick (HMS ''Gannet'') and embarked on tours of duty with HMS ''Bulwark'' and HMS ''Hermes'', during which it assisted with the evacuation of Cyprus.〔 The Sea King HAS.2 was introduced in 1977, becoming the first Royal Navy Squadron to be fitted with passive sonar equipment. The squadron arrived at RNAS Culdrose on 9 April 1976. In August 1982 the squadron embarked on HMS ''Illustrious'' for South Atlantic patrols. It was upgraded to the Sea King HAS.6 on October 1990, embarking onboard HMS ''Invincible'' for the Gulf, Bosnia and Kosovo Wars. It was disbanded on December 2000.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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